@econnolly That helped. I was fighting with all the "!=" and the suggestions in the pop-up tip, but actually they don't always work. e.g. "year:!=2" didnt work to filter out year 2xxx where "year:-2" does. I hadn't even thought to use the "-" minus sign, but it turns out to be far superior. Also the $ does nothing as far as I can tell there are no wild cards.
"genre:rock -hard -indie -pop -art comment:-amazon year:-20"
basically gives me all the "rock" genre with any "hard rock", "indie rock", "pop rock", and "art rock" filtered out, while also filtering out anything with "amazon" in the comment and sticking to 19xx for the year.